Vortex, Molecular Spin and Nanovorticity

The Vortex.- Brief History.- Kinematics.- Definition of a Vortex.- Vorticity and Circulation.- Plane Circular Vortex.- Rankine Vortex.- Curved Vortex Lines, Tubes and Vortex Rings.- Translational Velocity of the Inviscid Vortex Ring.- Velocity of a Viscous Vortex Ring.- Hydrodynamic Impulse and Vortex Ring Generation.- The Spectral Range of Vortex Size.- Forces(Lift, Drag, Thrust, Torque) on Moving Submerged Bodies Due to Vortex Formation.- Aerodynamic Lift and Drag.- Analytical Derivation of Lift and Drag on a Cylinder.- Axial Thrust, Torque and Helical Vortices.- Some Other Kinds of Simple Vortices.- Intake and Inlet Vortices.- Clearance Vortices.- Multiple Point Vortices and Their Motion.- Quantum Vortices and the Hydrodynamics of Superfluids.- Concluding Remarks on Chapter 1.- Vorticity(Molecular Spin).- Introduction.- Generation of Vorticity.- Generation by Shock Waves.- Generation by Free Convective Flow and Buoyancy.- Generation by Baroclinic Effects.- The General Vorticity Equation.- Viscous Diffusion of Vorticity.- Viscous Diffusion at a Wall.- Subsequent Motion of Wall-generated Vorticity.- Vorticity Increase by Vortex Stretching.- Hill’s Spherical Vortex(refs.2.13,2.14).- Vorticity in Rotating Frames of Reference.- Atmospheric Fluid Motion and Vorticity.- Dissipation Function, Vorticity Function and Curvature Function(eddy or vortex motion).- Generation of Vorticity in a Viscous Boundary Layer – Precursor to Turbulence.- Typical Vorticity Distributions.- Vorticity in a Compressible Fluid.- Vorticity and the Electromagnetic Analogy.- Quantization of Circulation and Vorticity.- Quantized Vortices in He II.- The NanoBoundary Layer and NanoVortex Core.- Introduction.- Kinetic Theory of the Vortex Core Gas.- Effect of Local (Macroscopic) Rotation of the Gas.- Transport and Optical properties of the Core Gas.- Electric(Barnett) Polarisation in the Boundary Layer.- Electric Charge –Dipole Interaction.- Concluding Remarks.- Nanoduct Fluid Flow.- Introduction.- Kinetic Theory for Fluid Transport Parameters.- Molecular Dynamics and Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS).- Diffusion in Nanochannels.- Electrokinetics in Nanochannels.- Slip Flow in Nanoducts.- Water Flow in Nanochannels.- Molecular Spin in Nanoduct Fluid Flow.- Nanoscale Forces.- Theoretical Analyses.- Overview of Phenomena Occurring at the Nanoscale.- Surface-energy-related Phenomena.- Shear-related Phenomena.- Electric Double-Layer-related Phenomena.- Entropy-related Phenomena.- Molecular-structure-related Phenomena.- The Field of Nanofluidics.