Advanced Wound Repair Therapies

<p>Contributor contact details</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Part I: Introduction to chronic wounds</p> <p>Chapter 1: Dysfunctional wound healing in chronic wounds</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>1.1 Normal skin wound healing</p> <p>1.2 Ageing skin and the onset of chronic, dysfunctional wound healing</p> <p>1.3 Dysfunctional healing of chronic skin wounds</p> <p>1.4 Conclusions</p> <p>1.5 Acknowledgements</p> <p>Chapter 2: The role of micro-organisms and biofilms in dysfunctional wound healing</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>2.1 Introduction</p> <p>2.2 Microbiology and biofilms: not mutually exclusive</p> <p>2.3 Biofilms and the interactive cooperative community</p> <p>2.4 Biofilms in chronic wounds</p> <p>2.5 Biofilms as therapeutic or restorative microbiology/modeling</p> <p>2.6 Conclusion</p> <p>Chapter 3: Scarring and scarless wound healing</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>3.1 Introduction</p> <p>3.2 Wound healing process</p> <p>3.3 Fibroproliferative scarring</p> <p>3.4 Scarless fetal wound healing</p> <p>3.5 Adult versus fetal wound healing</p> <p>3.6 Treatment options for scars</p> <p>3.7 Future trends</p> <p>3.8 Conclusions</p> <p>Chapter 4: The discovery and development of new therapeutic treatments for the improvement of scarring</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>4.1 Introduction</p> <p>4.2 Scar-free and scar-forming healing</p> <p>4.3 In vitro and in vivo models to investigate the mechanisms of scarring and evaluate potential treatments</p> <p>4.4 Translation from pre-clinical studies to clinical efficacy</p> <p>4.5 Understanding the mechanisms of action of prophylactic scar improvement therapies</p> <p>4.6 Conclusions</p> <p>Chapter 5: Monitoring chronic wounds and determining treatment</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>5.1 Introduction</p> <p>5.2 Wound size measurements</p> <p>5.3 Wound colour measurements</p> <p>5.4 Background material</p> <p>Part II: Biomaterial therapies for chronic wounds</p> <p>Chapter 6: Functional requirements of wound repair biomaterials</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>6.1 Introduction</p> <p>6.2 Wound pain and dressing materials</p> <p>6.3 Exudate management</p> <p>6.4 Prevention and control of infection</p> <p>6.5 Odour management</p> <p>6.6 Future trends</p> <p>6.7 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 7: Tissue-biomaterial interactions</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>7.1 Introduction: definitions</p> <p>7.2 Overview of tissue-biomaterial interactions</p> <p>7.3 Interactions at the biomaterial surface</p> <p>7.4 Tissue response to biomaterial</p> <p>7.5 Conclusion</p> <p>Chapter 8: Polymeric materials for chronic wound and burn dressings</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>8.1 Introduction</p> <p>8.2 Advanced moisture-retentive wound dressings</p> <p>8.3 Polymeric materials in moist wound healing dressings</p> <p>8.4 Infection control by polymeric wound dressings</p> <p>8.5 Conclusion</p> <p>8.6 Future trends</p> <p>8.7 Acknowledgements</p> <p>Chapter 9: Dry wound healing concept using spray-on dressings for chronic wounds</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>9.1 Introduction</p> <p>9.2 The key properties of an ideal wound dressing</p> <p>9.3 Using protein-based spray-on dressings in practice</p> <p>9.4 Case studies</p> <p>9.5 Conclusions</p> <p>Chapter 10: Assessing the effectiveness of antimicrobial wound dressings in vitro</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>10.1 Introduction</p> <p>10.2 Log reduction testing</p> <p>10.3 Zone of inhibition (ZOI)</p> <p>10.4 Bacterial barrier testing</p> <p>10.5 Other considerations</p> <p>10.6 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 11: Adhesives and interfacial phenomena in wound healing</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>11.1 Principles of adhesion, adhesivity and interfacial behaviour</p> <p>11.2 Bioadhesion: principles of adhesion applied to wound healing</p> <p>11.3 Adhesives in wound healing: materials overview</p> <p>11.4 Surgical adhesives and tissue sealants: structure and properties</p> <p>11.5 Conclusions</p> <p>Chapter 12: Wound healing studies and interfacial phenomena: use and relevance of the corneal model</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>12.1 Wound dressing biomaterials: interfacial aspects of compatibility and wound response</p> <p>12.2 The corneal model in wound healing and biomaterial studies</p> <p>12.3 Interfacial phenomena in ocular surface contact lens studies</p> <p>12.4 Wound fluid and the tear film collection</p> <p>12.5 Biomaterials in mucosal wound healing</p> <p>12.6 Conclusions</p> <p>Chapter 13: Sulphonated biomaterials as glycosaminoglycan mimics in wound healing</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>13.1 Introduction</p> <p>13.2 Polymers and biomimesis</p> <p>13.3 Biomimetic models</p> <p>13.4 Sulphonated biomaterials in the context of biomimetic principles</p> <p>13.5 Sulphonated biomaterials and the chronic wound: possible modes of biomimetic behaviour</p> <p>13.6 Conclusions</p> <p>Part III: Molecular therapies for chronic wounds</p> <p>Chapter 14: Drug delivery dressings</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>14.1 Introduction</p> <p>14.2 The role of drug delivery dressings in wound management</p> <p>14.3 Topically delivered therapeutic compounds</p> <p>14.4 Hydrocolloids</p> <p>14.5 Hydrogels</p> <p>14.6 Collagen</p> <p>14.7 Alginates</p> <p>14.8 Honey</p> <p>14.9 Future trends</p> <p>Chapter 15: Molecular and gene therapies for wound repair</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>15.1 Introduction</p> <p>15.2 Methods of gene delivery</p> <p>15.3 Gene therapy for wound healing</p> <p>15.4 Ethical issues</p> <p>15.5 Future trends</p> <p>Chapter 16: Antimicrobial dressings</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>16.1 Introduction</p> <p>16.2 Types of currently available dressings/formulations</p> <p>16.3 Types of ‘antimicrobials’</p> <p>16.4 Future trends</p> <p>Chapter 17: Avotermin: emerging evidence of efficacy for the improvement of scarring</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>17.1 There is a medical need for therapies that reduce scarring following surgery</p> <p>17.2 Current treatments for scar management are unsatisfactory</p> <p>17.3 New biological approaches are in development for the prophylactic improvement of scarring</p> <p>17.4 Conclusions and future trends</p> <p>Part IV: Biologically derived and cell-based therapies for chronic wounds</p> <p>Chapter 18: Engineered tissues for wound repair</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>18.1 Introduction</p> <p>18.2 The wound microenvironment in wound repair</p> <p>18.3 Traditional approaches to wound repair</p> <p>18.4 Development of cellular therapies</p> <p>18.5 Development of acellular therapies</p> <p>18.6 Conclusion</p> <p>18.7 Acknowledgement</p> <p>Chapter 19: Commercialization of engineered tissue products</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>19.1 Introduction</p> <p>19.2 Engineered templates and scaffolds</p> <p>19.3 Processed tissues</p> <p>19.4 Cell-based products</p> <p>19.5 Lessons from the first generation</p> <p>19.6 The second generation of advanced therapies</p> <p>19.7 Delivering value in advanced therapies</p> <p>19.8 Advanced therapies in the marketplace</p> <p>19.9 Conclusion</p> <p>Chapter 20: Biologically derived scaffolds</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>20.1 Introduction</p> <p>20.2 Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-derived scaffolds</p> <p>20.3 Silk-derived scaffolds</p> <p>20.4 Collagen-derived scaffolds</p> <p>20.5 Elastin-derived scaffolds</p> <p>20.6 Resilin-derived scaffolds</p> <p>20.7 Keratin-derived scaffolds</p> <p>20.8 Polysaccharide-derived scaffolds</p> <p>20.9 Conclusions and future trends</p> <p>Chapter 21: Stem cell therapies for wound repair</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>21.1 Introduction</p> <p>21.2 Frequently utilized sources of adult stem cells</p> <p>21.3 Clinical applications of stem cells to wound healing</p> <p>21.4 Conclusions</p> <p>21.5 Acknowledgement</p> <p>21.7 Appendix: list of abbreviations</p> <p>Part V: Physical stimulation therapies for chronic wounds</p> <p>Chapter 22: Electrical stimulation for wound healing</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>22.1 Introduction</p> <p>22.2 Current of injury</p> <p>22.3 Physiological effects of electrical stimulation</p> <p>22.4 Antibacterial effects of electrical stimulation</p> <p>22.5 The effect of high voltage pulsed current (HVPC) on wound healing</p> <p>22.6 The effect of low intensity direct currents (LIDC) on wound healing</p> <p>22.7 Other types of electrical stimulation applied to wounds</p> <p>22.8 Discussion</p> <p>22.9 Conclusion</p> <p>Chapter 23: Negative pressure wound therapy</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>23.1 Introduction</p> <p>23.2 History of negative pressure wound therapy</p> <p>23.3 The science of negative pressure</p> <p>23.4 The pathophysiologic mechanisms of action of negative pressure</p> <p>23.5 The search for the perfect negative pressure technology</p> <p>23.6 Conclusions</p> <p>23.7 Acknowledgement</p> <p>Chapter 24: Debridement methods of non-viable tissue in wounds</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>24.1 Introduction</p> <p>24.2 Background</p> <p>24.3 Complications of non-viable tissue in wounds and the need for debridement</p> <p>24.4 Presence of biofilm</p> <p>24.5 Organisation of debridement</p> <p>24.6 Timing and types of debridement</p> <p>24.7 Scoring the effectiveness of debridement</p> <p>24.8 Debridement in the diabetic foot</p> <p>24.9 Conclusions</p> <p>Index</p>